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United States
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Region:Americas
 
Subregion:Northern America
 

There are more than 400 known species of grasshoppers in the United States. Only about a dozen of these species are considered important pests on rangelands and many are beneficial members of ecosystem communities.[1]

Periodic outbreaks of pest grasshopper species do affect farmers and ranchers, particularly in the western regions of the United States.[2] Since 1920, annual surveys have been conducted to monitor and address these cyclical grasshopper infestations.[3] Grasshopper outbreaks can have significant economic consequences for agriculture in the United States. They can cause substantial crop losses, reduce forage availability for livestock, and increase production costs for farmers due to the need for pest control measures or to replace forage with hay. The economic impact varies from year to year and from region to region, depending on grasshopper population levels.

Among the 400 grasshopper species inhabiting the western United States and Canadian prairies, only around two dozen species are responsible for economically significant crop damage on an annual basis. [4] [5] [6][2] Among these species, the migratory grasshopper, Melanoplus sanguinipes stands out as the most destructive pest in the United States and certain southern regions of Canadian grasslands. [5] [6] Other important species include[2]:

Grasshopper infestations had a profound impact during the 1930s and mid-1980s, with the 1930s outbreaks being instrumental in the establishment of a USDA program mandated by Congress to effectively manage such outbreaks. This program, known as the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) Rangeland Grasshopper and Mormon Cricket Suppression Program, works in conjunction with the USDA's Agricultural Research Service (ARS) to continually enhance management techniques.[2] Collaborations extend to multiple university research groups, as well as various federal entities like the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), state departments of agriculture, tribal councils, and private stakeholders such as ranchers providing land for experimental purposes.[7]

While there are no locusts in the United States today, the Rocky Mountain locust, Melanoplus spretus (Walsh, 1866), once swarmed the Great Plains of North America. Prior to 1900, it was the most significant pest of its kind, aggregating in unprecedented numbers, making it the record holder for the largest documented swarms among all locust species worldwide.[8][9] The inception of the U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA) emphasis on combating insect pests can be traced back to the Rocky Mountain locust.[10] The presumed last specimens of this species were discovered in Canada in 1902, and in 2014, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) officially declared the species extinct.[11]

To address locust plagues beyond the borders of the United States, United States Agency for International Development (USAID) plays a role by providing support, predominantly through funding efforts and research.[2]

Ecology

Outbreaks

Management and research

Organizational relationships

In the United States, best practices for grasshopper management are commonly shared through bulletins, handouts, websites, and other publications, primarily at the federal and state levels.[2] The aim is to provide relevant and valuable information to stakeholders, enabling them to protect agricultural interests from the economic impacts of grasshopper outbreaks. In the past, localized management efforts for grasshopper control often failed due to the mobile nature of the threat.[7] As a result, the United States recognized the need to address the issue at the federal level and foster collaboration among partners from diverse backgrounds.[7][10]

Funding from the federal government often supports various research initiatives undertaken by collaborating partners.[2] A notable example is the Grasshopper Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Project initiated by USDA-APHIS in 1987, which remains the largest collaborative project in the United States. Valuable knowledge gained from this project was compiled and shared with the public in the form of the Grasshopper Integrated Pest Management User Handbook (1996-2000). The project fostered enduring relationships with universities and continues to establish new partnerships, all working towards the same overarching goal.[2]

The knowledge and expertise gained from U.S. locust management efforts have been shared internationally through collaborative ventures.[2] Collaborative projects with countries like Canada, focusing on population forecasting, Mexico's ongoing project centered on modeling the potential migration of the Central American locust (Schistocerca piceifrons). Additionally, distant collaborations have occurred, such as with Australia, where members of APHIS were invited by the Australian Plague Locust Commission (APLC) in the 1990s for reciprocal information exchange.[2]

University extension programs also play a role in managing pest grasshoppers in the US. Extension programs often conduct research to understand the behavior, biology, and ecology of grasshoppers which can help inform management decisions. Extension officers spend a lot of time on education and outreach efforts to disseminate information to farmers, ranchers, and the wider community. Extension programs are often effective at fostering collaborations with various stakeholders, including government agencies and industry partners.

Regional management strengths and challenges

Strengths

The grasshopper management structure in the United States benefits from the availability of high-quality datasets encompassing sociodemographic variables.[2] This enables comprehensive studies on the impacts of locust outbreaks and pest control measures. Additionally, the preservation of historical knowledge in numerous publications contributes to a rich understanding of pest grasshoppers. Furthermore, the commitment of the federal government to allocate a congressional budget line for ongoing management research, annual population surveys, and treatments is a significant advantage that ensures a sustained effort in combating grasshopper issues.[2]

Another key strength lies in the ability to foster collaboration among stakeholders from diverse backgrounds across the nation.[2] This collective effort enables the investigation of improved, cost-effective, and sustainable management methods. Such collaborations have led to innovative advancements in technology and chemistry, resulting in more efficient population suppression both before and during outbreaks.

For instance, the utilization of diflubenzuron, an insect growth regulator insecticide, has proven effective in inhibiting proper molting during non-adult instar stages.[12] Additionally, the adoption of reduced agent and area treatments (RAATs) has shown promise. This approach involves alternating insecticide treatments with untreated areas of habitat, thereby minimizing environmental impact and reducing costs.[13] These advancements demonstrate the ongoing efforts to develop environmentally conscious and cost-effective strategies for grasshopper management.

Challenges

There has been a decline in the number of researchers dedicated to studying grasshoppers and their IPM. This decline seems to align with a reduced perception of grasshoppers as a significant threat, likely due to less frequent outbreaks, which can be attributed to improved management practices. However, it should be noted that high-density grasshopper populations and periodic outbreaks still pose challenges for many ranchers and farmers, despite the shifting perception.[2]

Another weakness lies in the decreasing funding, both from federal and other sources, which may be influenced by the aforementioned perception changes. This decrease in funding has a direct impact on available personnel for conducting annual federal surveys on population levels and treatments, potentially exacerbating the decline in grasshopper researchers.[2] There is also a challenge in sharing data archives between federal and non-federal researchers due to concerns about sharing private information regarding stakeholders associated with outbreaks, which hinders the seamless exchange of valuable information.

Overall, these weaknesses highlight the need for continued support, investment, and collaboration to address grasshopper management effectively and overcome the associated challenges.[2]

Species

Main article: List of Orthoptera of the United States

Species gallery


Organizations

Locusts and grasshoppers are typically managed through a national plant protection system led by a country’s plant protection organization, ministry of agriculture, or equivalent biosecurity authority. They are often supported by specialized pest control branches, natural resource agencies, and regional bodies when outbreaks cross borders. These agencies are usually the first point of contact for surveillance, reporting, permits, quarantine decisions, and control operations. If the country belongs to one of the FAO locust commissions, those bodies provide a regional framework for early warning, field surveillance, information sharing, and coordinated response, helping countries align monitoring, contingency planning, and control actions across borders.

Organization name Acronym Website Type Focus Geographic purview
Agricultural Research Services ARS View Government Research, Information Hub, Education United States
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service APHIS View Government Management, Education, Information Hub United States
APHIS Plant Protection and Quarantine PPQ View Government Governance United States
APHIS PPQ Science & Technology Insect Management and Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory (Phoenix Station) IMMDL View Government Research, Management United States
Behavioral Plasticity Research Institute BPRI View Other Research, Education United States, Mexico
Global Locust Initiative GLI View University Research, Education, Information Hub United States, Senegal, Australia, China, Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Mali
Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture IICA View Non-governmental Organization Development Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Costa Rica, Colombia, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, United States, Uruguay, Venezuela
National Grasshopper Management Board NGMB View Non-profit Organization Governance, Management United States
Nevada Department of Agriculture NDA View Government Governance, Management United States
North American Plant Protection Organization NAPPO View Non-governmental Organization Governance Canada, Mexico, United States
Oregon Department of Agriculture ODA View Government Governance United States
Rangeland Grasshopper and Mormon Cricket Suppression Program at the United States Department of Agriculture View Government Management, Education, Information Hub United States
South Dakota Department of Agriculture & Natural Resources View Government Management United States
United States Department of Agriculture USDA View Government Governance, Education, Research, Management, Funding United States
United States Environmental Protection Agency EPA View Government Management United States
Utah Department of Agriculture and Food UDAF View Government Management, Development, Governance, Monitoring, Research United States
Washington State Department of Agriculture WSDA View Government Governance United States
Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation View Non-profit Organization Other United States


Resources

Name Species purview Year published Resource link Descriptive keyword Language Geographic purview Author
A Guide to Grasshopper Control in Cropland 2008 View Grasshoppers, Control, Agriculture English United States John C. Campbell, Gary L. Hein
A Guide to Grasshopper Control on Rangeland 2008 View Grasshoppers, Control, Agriculture English United States John C. Campbell, Gary L. Hein, Patrick E. Reece
A Manual of the Grasshoppers of New Mexico 1993 View Biology, Life cycle, Natural history, Natural sciences, Behavior, Population dynamics, New Mexico, Management, estimation of grasshopper densities, insecticide, Biological control, New Mexico grasshoppers, Indigenous knowledge, History, county map distribution, Distribution, Glossary, Species identification, annotated alphabetical list of New Mexico grasshoppers, Morphology, Identification English United States New Mexico Cooperative Extension Service, D.B. Richman, D.C. Lightfoot, C.A. Sutherland, DJ. Ferguson
Agricultural plant pest management 2001 View Integrated pest management, Management, Agriculture, Crop health, Infestations, Glossary English United States Utah Department of Agriculture and Food, F.R. Beard, H.M. Deer, S. Thomson, J.B Karren, D.G. Alston, A.H. Roe, S.A. Dewey
Alabama Cooperative Extension System Biology and Control of Mole Crickets Biology, Biocontrol, Control, Biological control United States
Alfalfa insect pest management 2024 2024 Pesticides, Management English United States Kansas State University
APHIS regulatory documents 2018 Early warning, Ecology, Public health, Social science, Culture, insecticide, Infestations, Environmental assessment, Rangeland management, Pesticides, Bundle, Environmental impact English United States Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
ARS grasshopper management hub Livestock, Grazing, Grasshoppers, RAATs, Chemical control, Pesticides, Management, Ecology, Survey, Report, Research, Information hub English United States Agricultural Research Services, United States Department of Agriculture
ARS grasshopper species fact sheets 1994 Management, Species identification, Series English United States Agricultural Research Services, United States Department of Agriculture
Arthropod and nematode parasites, parasitoids, and predators of Acrididae in America north of Mexico 1973 View Natural enemies, Parasitoids, Parasites, Predators English United States United States Department of Agriculture
Birds and Wildlife as Grasshopper Predators View Biology, Natural enemies, Predators English United States
CARMA View Prototype cropland, Advice, Rangeland management, Crop health, Grasshoppers, Infestations, Outbreaks English United States Scott Shell Extension Entomology, University of Wyoming
Common Grasshoppers of Montana Cropland and Rangeland View Species identification, Management, Biology, Life cycle, Integrated pest management English United States Montana State University
Community-wide grasshopper control 2020 View insecticide, Spraying, Species identification, Nymphs, Grasshoppers English United States Utah State University, Marion Murray
Crickets and grasshoppers in Utah 1931 View Morphology, Grasshoppers, History, Chemical control, insecticide, Outbreaks, Species identification English United States Utah State University
Crop & pest report View Crop health, Infestations, Grasshoppers, Growth, Information hub English United States North Dakota State University
Differentiation, ecology, and distribution of immature slant-faced grasshoppers (Acridinae) in Kansas 1967 View Species identification, Grasshopper anatomy, Taxonomy, Nymphs English United States Kansas State University, Merlyn A. Brusven
Distribution Atlas for Grasshoppers and the Mormon Cricket in Wyoming Map, Survey, Archive, Population dynamics English United States University of Wyoming
Ecology and Management of Mormon Cricket, Anabrus simplex Haldeman 1987 View Identification, Management, Biology, Ecology, Population dynamics English United States Colorado State University, John Capinera, Charles MacVean
Entompathogen biocontrol ARS Grasshopper brochure 2011 View Biopesticide, Pesticides, Rangeland management, Grasshoppers, Management English United States Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Field Guide to Common Western Grasshoppers 2002 Species identification, Field guide English United States United States Department of Agriculture, Robert E. Pfadt
Field guide to grasshoppers of economic importance in Nevada View Glossary, Photos, Species identification, Biology, Life cycle, Behavior, Pesticides, Survey, Integrated pest management, Biological control, Culture, Chemical control, Mechanical control, Economics English United States University of Nevada
Grasshopper & Mormon Cricket Control Ag Producer Assistance Handbook View Governance, Management, Pesticide management English United States
Grasshopper & Mormon Cricket Control Insecticide Reimbursement Handbook View Governance, Management, Pesticide management English United States
Grasshopper and Mormon Cricket Outbreaks in Oregon Frequently Asked Questions 2022 Outbreaks, Grasshoppers, Population dynamics, Management, Set English United States Oregon Department of Agriculture
Grasshopper biology and monitoring View Monitoring, Biology, Grasshoppers, General locust education English United States University of Wyoming, Judee Wargo
Grasshopper control in gardens and small acreages 2013 View Agriculture, Infestations, Grasshoppers, Biological control, Life cycle, Species identification English United States Colorado State University, W.S. Cranshaw, R. Hammon
Grasshopper guidebook provisional 2008 View Grasshoppers, Pesticides, Management, Rangeland management, Infestations, insecticide, Monitoring, Mormon crickets, Environmental assessment English United States United States Department of Agriculture
Grasshopper Integrated Pest Management User Handbook 2000 Biological control, Chemical control, Monitoring, Modeling, Population dynamics, Rangeland management, Decision making, Bundle, Ecology, Pesticides, Biopesticide, Integrated pest management English United States Agricultural Research Services, United States Department of Agriculture
Grasshopper investigations on Montana rangelands 1952 View case study, Species identification, Behavior, Ecology English United States Montana State University, Norman L. Anderson, John C. Wright
Grasshopper IPM program View Integrated pest management, Infestations, Economics, Cultural control, Control, Aerial control operations, insecticide, Chemical control English United States North Dakota State University
Grasshopper Management in Rangeland, Pastures, and Crops View Biology, Survey, Management, Control English United States Tom A. Royer, Phillip G. Mulder
Grasshopper management in the Pacific Northwest 2020 View Rangeland management, Infestations, Weather, Nymphs, Monitoring, Pesticides, insecticide, Chemical control, Biological control, Life cycle, Behavior, Photos, Information hub, Biology, Management English United States Carmen Willmore, Jason Thomas, Steven Hines
Grasshopper management tips 2010 View Grasshoppers, Biology, Management, Rangeland management, Crop health, Grazing, insecticide, Environmental assessment English United States
Grasshoppers (Acrididae) of Colorado 1982 Biology, Species identification, Ecology, Behavior, Physiology, Management English United States Colorado State University, John Capinera, TS Sechrist
Grasshoppers and Mormon cricket, control and suppression of rangeland pests 2024 View Survey, Agriculture, Growth, Monitoring English United States Oregon Department of Agriculture
Grasshoppers and their control View Species identification, Management, Monitoring, Biological control, Mechanical control, Cultural control, Biology English United States Texas A&M University, Carl D. Patrick
Grasshoppers in California 1902 View Life cycle, History, Locusts, Early warning, Agriculture, Emergency response, Management English United States C.W. Woodworth
Grasshoppers in field crops 2014 View insecticide, Infestations, Chemical control, Spraying, Agriculture, Crop health, Grazing English United States Colorado State University, F.B. Peairs
Grasshoppers in Utah 1990 View Behavior, Grasshopper development, Weather, Population dynamics, Overview, Rangeland management English United States Edward W. Evans
Grasshoppers of Colorado presentation N/A View Locusts, Life cycle, Grasshoppers, Control, Map, Outbreaks, Situation bulletin, Rainfall, Bait English United States University of Colorado
Grasshoppers of the Choctaw Nation in Southeast Oklahoma 2021 View Management, Control, Rangeland management, Crop protection, Biological control, Chemical control, Survey, Outbreaks, Species identification English United States Alex J. Harman, W. Wyatt Hoback, Tom A. Royer
Grasshoppers of the Western United States View Management, Species identification, Key English United States United States Department of Agriculture
Grasshoppers their habits and damage 1964 View Grasshoppers, Outbreaks, Natural enemies, Ecology, Habitat, Quality illustrations, Species identification English United States United States Department of Agriculture
Grasshoppers, grasshoppers, they're everywhere View Grasshoppers, Infestations, Biology, Ecology, insecticide English United States Montana State University, Ruth O'Neill, Kevin Wanner
Hopper helper View Survey, Life cycle, Species identification, Integrated pest management English United States Wendal Cushing
How to control grasshoppers in Oklahoma 1937 View Control, Crop protection, Historical, Bait English United States Oklahoma State University, Fenton FA
Idaho Grasshopper and Mormon Cricket Control Program Management, Monitoring, Forecasting, Emergency response, Chemical control, Biological control, Species identification, Governance, Information hub, Biology English United States
Identification guides for pest grasshoppers in Nebraska 2009 Grasshoppers, Species identification, Nymphs, Biology, Management, Series English United States Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ron Seymour, Gary Hein, Jack Campbell, Jim Kalisch
iNaturalist View Species identification, Ecology, Bundle, Information hub English United States
Insect answers 1990 View Species identification, Rangeland management, Infestations, Management, Chemical control, Biological control, Survey, estimation of grasshopper densities, Control, insecticide, Biology, Livestock, Weather English United States Daniel Suomi, Gary Thomasson, Dave Keim
Kansas State University research and extension grasshopper info 2023 View Guide English United States Kansas State University
Key to Wyoming grasshoppers Species identification, Information hub, Glossary English United States University of Wyoming, Timothy J. McNary
Landscape pests View Pesticides, Cultural control, Biological control, Monitoring, History, Biology English United States
Montana.gov Orthoptera Field Guides View Species identification, Management, Biology, Distribution, Map, Rangeland management, Information hub, Website English United States
Mormon cricket biology and management poster View Life cycle, Economics, History, Spraying, Habitat, Migration, Grasshopper development, Distribution, Species identification, Map, Photos English United States University of Wyoming, APHIS Plant Protection and Quarantine
Mormon crickets in North America 1959 View Mormon crickets English United States United States Department of Agriculture
National Environmental Policy Act Documents Infestations, Ecology, Agriculture, Crop health, Control, insecticide, Pesticides, Environmental assessment, Chemical control, Management, Application, Information hub English United States United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
National Plant Board plant regulatory official directory View Pesticide management, Bundle, directory, Information hub English United States
NatureServe Explorer View Information hub, Endangered species, Rare species, Conservation, Biodiversity, Distribution English United States
Nevada Mormon Cricket Grasshopper Program FAQ 2026 View Management, Control, Private land English United States Nevada Department of Agriculture
North Dakota field crop insect management guide 2023 View Grasshoppers, Management, insecticide, Data analysis, Chemical control, Rangeland management English United States North Dakota State University, Janet J. Knodel, Patrick Beauzay, Mark Boetel, Anitha Chirumamilla
NSF Coupled Natural Human Systems Living with Locusts project summary 2021 Summary, Set, Program, Project report English, Spanish, French Senegal, Australia, China, United States Australian Plague Locust Commission, New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Inner Mongolia Agriculture University, New South Wales Local Land Services, Directorate of Plant Protection, Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Sydney
Oklahoma’s Bird Grasshoppers 2020 View Identification, Adults, Hatching, Nymph Development, Population Ecology, Daily Activity, Habitat English United States Tom A. Royer, Alex J. Harman, W. Wyatt Hoback
Oregon grasshopper and Mormon cricket survey summaries Map, county map distribution, Distribution, Infestations, Survey, Monitoring, Mormon crickets, Economics, Data analysis, Series English United States Oregon Department of Agriculture
Orthoptera of Maine 1921 View Historical, Historical document, Identification, Ecology, Biology, Orthoptera, Fauna English United States United States Department of Agriculture
Orthoptera of Northern Great Plains 2007 Information hub, Species identification, Taxonomy, Map, Photos, Nymphs English United States North Dakota State University
Pacific Northwest Pest Management Handbook Species identification, Management, Monitoring, Grasshoppers, Information hub English United States
Pest grasshoppers in Oregon 2024 View Species identification English United States Oregon Department of Agriculture, Thomas Valente, J. Buck Dunlap
Pest Grasshoppers of the West 2005 View Management, Species identification English United States University of Wyoming
Protect your pastures from Mormon grasshoppers and crickets View Pesticide management Spanish United States
Protecting U.S. rangeland from grasshoppers and Mormon crickets 2021 View Outbreaks, Infestations, Mormon crickets, Rangeland management, insecticide English United States United States Department of Agriculture
Rangeland Grasshopper Management 1993 Management, Species identification, Control English United States University of Wyoming, Jeffrey Lockwood, Scott Schell
Singing Insects of North America View Species identification, Songs, Singing insects, Information hub English United States, Canada
Songs of Insects View Bioacoustics, education, Biology, Information hub English United States Lang Elliott, Will Hershberger
South American locust NSF Grant for Rapid Response Research project summary 2021 Summary, Set, Project, Project report English, Spanish, French Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, Bolivia, United States The National Food Safety and Quality Service, Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria e Inocuidad Alimentaria, National Plant and Seed Health and Quality Service, Global Locust Initiative, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, Arizona State University
South Dakota grasshopper management surveys Map, Population dynamics, Survey, Monitoring, Information hub, Series English United States
South Dakota pest management guides 2025 View Infestations, Management, Guide, Agriculture, Crop health, insecticide, Fungicide, Biological control, Application, Series, Information hub English United States Philip Rozeboom, Adam Varenhorst, Patrick Wagner, Eric Jones, Paul O. Johnson, Madalyn Shires, Connie Strunk
Synthesis of the governance workshop on the South American Locust 2021 Workshop, Summary, Governance, Set, Meeting, Project report English, Spanish Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, United States Foundation for Food & Agriculture Research, The National Food Safety and Quality Service, Global Locust Initiative, Clara Therville, John Anderies, Hector Medina, Rick Overson, Eduardo Trumper, Arianne Cease
The banded-wing grasshoppers of Idaho 1967 View Species identification, Distribution, Orthoptera, Biology, Grasshoppers, Key, Overview, Photos English United States George B. Hewitt, William F. Barr
The desert locust guidelines biology and behavior 1994 View Outbreaks, Grasshopper development, Control, Forecasting, Life cycle, Behavior English United States Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
The Grasshopper Mite 1944 View mite English United States
The grasshoppers and other orthoptera of Arizona 1942 View Grasshoppers, Agriculture, Taxonomy, Behavior, Biology, Species identification English United States University of Arizona, E. Ball, E. R. Tinkham, Robert Flock, C. T. Vorhies
The grasshoppers of Kansas, part I 1915 View Species identification, Grasshopper anatomy, Grasshoppers, Biology, Distribution English United States University of Kansas, P.W. Claassen
The grasshoppers of Nebraska 2009 View Species identification, Map, Glossary, Grasshopper development, Grasshoppers, Biology, Grasshopper anatomy English United States Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Mathew L. Brust, Wyatt Hoback, Robert J. Wright
The Grasshoppers of the Western U.S. Lucid mobile app 2016 Management, Species identification English United States APHIS PPQ Science & Technology Insect Management and Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory (Phoenix Station), United States Department of Agriculture, Center for Plant Health Science and Technology of the USDA
The High Plains grasshopper 1958 View Technical bulletin English United States United States Department of Agriculture, Claude Wakeland
The more destructive grasshoppers of Kansas 1897 View Species identification, Grasshoppers, Grasshopper anatomy, Crop health, Distribution, Behavior, Monitoring English United States University of Kansas, J.S. Parks
The North Dakota grasshopper integrated pest management demonstration project 2000 View Management, Integrated pest management, Aerial control operations, Spraying, Control, Outbreaks English United States United States Department of Agriculture, Mark A. Quinn, R. Nelson Foster, Wendal Cushing, David C. Hirsch, Keith Winks, K. Christian Reuter
The Orthoptera of Michigan 2003 View Orthoptera, Species identification, Morphology, Taxonomy, Biology, Map, Photos English United States Roger G. Bland
The vegetation of rangeland sites associated with some grasshopper studies in Montana 1973 View Map, Agriculture, Ecology, Grazing, Behavior, Habitat, Data analysis, Geographical differences, Nutritional ecology English United States Montana State University, Norman L. Anderson
U.S. Grasshopper Forecast Maps Hazard maps, Outbreaks, Grasshoppers, Monitoring, Forecasting, Management, Information hub English United States United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Services
UC Integrated Pest Management for Home Gardeners and Landscape Professionals 2013 View Life cycle, Pesticide management, Management English United States University of California Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program
University of Florida IFAS Gardening Solutions Eastern Lubber Grasshopper Home‑garden pest management, Management United States University of Florida
UofA School & Home Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Newsletter Newsletter Grasshoppers 2023 View Grasshoppers, Agriculture, Taxonomy, Behavior, Biology, Species identification English United States University of Arizona, Dawn H. Gouge, Tom J. Getts, Tim W. Stock, John F. Connett, Micah Gay
USDA APHIS conference proceeding collection APHIS archive 2024, Conference proceedings, Reports, Insecticide, Meeting, Biocontrol, Letters, Internal Governement Documents, Meeting minutes, Survey, Results, Outbreaks, Population dynamics, Control, Administrative, Annual report, Situation bulletin, Bulletin, Uncurated archive, Collection English United States United States Department of Agriculture, APHIS PPQ Science & Technology Insect Management and Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory (Phoenix Station), APHIS Plant Protection and Quarantine
USDA APHIS Cooperative Agricultural Pest Survey program View Extension, Regional cooperation, Survey English United States United States Department of Agriculture, APHIS Plant Protection and Quarantine
USDA APHIS grasshopper forecasting and survey map collection 1930s Control, Management, Rangeland management, Map, APHIS archive 2024, Grasshoppers, Outbreaks, Forecasting, Historical document, Survey, Uncurated archive, Collection, Historical maps English United States APHIS Plant Protection and Quarantine, United States Department of Agriculture
USDA APHIS historical meeting report collection APHIS archive 2024, Historical document, Annual report, Uncurated archive, Collection English United States United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
USDA APHIS-PPQ-Science & Technology Phoenix Lab Rangeland Unit project summary 2021 Summary, Set, Project, Project report English, Spanish, French United States APHIS PPQ Science & Technology Insect Management and Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory (Phoenix Station), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture

Highlighted media coverage

Name Author Language Species purview Substance Resource link Year published
Court rejects federal pesticide-spraying program on millions of acres of western rangelands English News article 2025
Eastern lubber grasshopper University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee English News article 2025
Gobble, gobble, crunch: How some farmers have turned to birds to combat the ‘hopperpocalypse’ English News article View 2024
Grasshopper and Mormon Cricket Outbreak Media Oregon Department of Agriculture English News article 2022
Grasshopper infestation continues after pesticide spray canceled Alaina Mencinger English News article 2023
Grasshopper watch English News article 2022
Grasshoppers Are Descending on the West in Swarms English News article 2021
Grasshoppers wreak havoc Christine Souza English News article 2023
Klamath Basin braces for a potential grasshopper outbreak English News article View 2026
Las Vegas resident shares experience as swarms of grasshoppers return to valley English News article 2024
Mega Disasters: Super Swarms of Locusts English Video 2021
Mormon cricket 'sludge' blankets northern Nevada roads causing crashes English News article 2024
Overview of the APHIS Rangeland Grasshopper and Mormon Cricket Suppression Program APHIS PPQ Science & Technology Insect Management and Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory (Phoenix Station), United States Department of Agriculture English Video 2022
Overview of the APHIS Rangeland Grasshopper and Moron Cricket Suppression Program United States Department of Agriculture, APHIS Plant Protection and Quarantine English Video 2022
The Locust Plague That Covered 198,000 Square Miles Then Vanished English News article View 2026
USDA APHIS grasshopper newspaper bundle from outbreaks in the 1980s United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service English News article 1980s
Which insecticide is best for grasshopper control? North Dakota State University, Patrick Beauzay, Janet J. Knodel English News article

Projects

Name Acronym Image Status Project leads Related organization
FFAR New Innovator in Food and Agriculture Research Award FFAR Completed John Anderies, Clara Therville, Mira Word Ries, Rick Overson, Arianne Cease Australian Plague Locust Commission, Directorate of Plant Protection, Gaston Berger University, Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture, The National Food Safety and Quality Service, Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria e Inocuidad Alimentaria, National Plant and Seed Health and Quality Service, New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, National Agricultural Technology Institute, Foundation for Food & Agriculture Research, Arizona State University
NSF Coupled Natural Human Systems Living with Locusts CNH CNH Completed Arianne Cease, Jon Harrison, Brian Robinson, Mira Word Ries, Balanding Manneh, Ruth Farington, Marion Le Gall, Jennifer Learned Australian Plague Locust Commission, New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Inner Mongolia Agriculture University, New South Wales Local Land Services, Directorate of Plant Protection, Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Sydney, National Science Foundation
South American locust NSF Grant for RAPID Response Research RAPID Completed Jon Harrison, Stav Talal, Sydney Millerwise, Rick Overson, Arianne Cease The National Food Safety and Quality Service, Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria e Inocuidad Alimentaria, National Plant and Seed Health and Quality Service, Global Locust Initiative, Arizona State University, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, National Science Foundation
USDA APHIS-PPQ-Science & Technology Phoenix Lab Rangeland Unit Collaboration with the Global Locust Initiative USDA Active Zephyr Zembrzuski, Rick Overson, Arianne Cease APHIS PPQ Science & Technology Insect Management and Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory (Phoenix Station), Global Locust Initiative, United States Department of Agriculture, Arizona State University


References

  1. ↑ U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. (n.d.). Grasshoppers: Their biology, identification, and management – Identification tools & apps.* Retrieved February 18, 2025, from [1](https://www.ars.usda.gov/plains-area/sidney-mt/northern-plains-agricultural-research-laboratory/pest-management-research/pmru-docs/grasshoppers-their-biology-identification-and-management/id-tools-apps/identification-tools-apps/)
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 Ries MW, Adriaansen C, Aldobai S, Berry K, Bal AB, Catenaccio MC, Cigliano MM, Cullen DA, Deveson T, Diongue A, Foquet B, Hadrich J, Hunter D, Johnson DL, Pablo Karnatz J, Lange CE, Lawton D, Lazar M, Latchininsky AV, Lecoq M, Le Gall M, Lockwood J, Manneh B, Overson R, Peterson BF, Piou C, Poot-Pech MA, Robinson BE, Rogers SM, Song H, Springate S, Therville C, Trumper E, Waters C, Woller DA, Youngblood JP, Zhang L, Cease A (2024) Global perspectives and transdisciplinary opportunities for locust and grasshopper pest management and research. Journal of Orthoptera Research 33(2): 169–216. doi:10.3897/jor.33.112803.
  3. ↑ Belovsky GE, Lockwood JA, Winks K (1996–2000) Technical Bulletin No. 1809. IV.8 Recognizing and Managing Potential Outbreak Conditions. pp. IV.8-1-4 in G. L. Cunningham and M. W. Sampson, editors, Grasshopper Integrated Pest Management User Handbook. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington, DC.
  4. ↑ Dysart RJ (1996–2000) Technical Bulletin No. 1809. VI.6 Relative Importance of Rangeland Grasshoppers in Western North America: A Numerical Ranking From the Literature. Pp. VI.6-1-20 in G. L. Cunningham and M. W. Sampson, editors, Grasshopper Integrated Pest Management User Handbook. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington, DC.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Pfadt RE (2002) Field Guide to Common Western Grasshoppers, Third Edition. Wyoming Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 912. Laramie, Wyoming.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Johnson DL (2008) Grasshopper identification & control methods to protect crops and the environment. Available from: http://scholar.ulethbridge.ca/sites/default/files/danjohnson/files/grasshopper_identification_control_methods.pdf
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Cunningham GL (1996–2000) Technical Bulletin 1809. Introduction to the Grasshopper Integrated Pest Management User Handbook. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. 1–3 pp.
  8. ↑ Lockwood JA, Debrey LD (1990) A Solution for the Sudden and Unexplained Extinction of the Rocky Mountain Grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acrididae), Environmental Entomology. 19: 1194–1205. https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/19.5.1194
  9. ↑ Lockwood JA (2004) Locust: the Devastating Rise and Mysterious Disappearance of the Insect that Shaped the American Frontier. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-7382-0894-7.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Henneberry TJ (2008) Federal Entomology: Beginnings and Organizational Entities in the United States Department of Agriculture, 1854–2006, With Selected Research Highlights. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Washington, DC. Agricultural Information Bulletin 802: 87 pp.
  11. ↑ Hochkirch A (2014) Melanoplus spretus. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T51269349A55309428.en.
  12. ↑ Foster RN and Reuter KC (1996–2000). VII.2 Dimilin® Spray for Reducing Rangeland Grasshopper Populations, pp. 1–4. In G. L. Cunningham and M. W. Sampson (eds.), Grasshopper Integrated Pest Management User Handbook, Technical Bulletin No. 1809. U.S. Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington, D.C. U.S.A.
  13. ↑ Lockwood JA, Schell SP, Foster RN, Reuter C, Rachadi T (2000) Reduced agent area treatments (RAAT) for management of rangeland grasshoppers: efficacy and economics under operational conditions. International journal of pest management 46: 29–42. https://doi.org/10.1080/096708700227552
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